HTTP, REST ve JSON: ESP32 bir web sunucusu

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WebServer.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include "secrets.h"                // WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASS

WebServer server(80);
const int LED_PIN = 2;
bool ledOn = false;

void sendJson(int code, JsonDocument& doc) {
  String body;
  serializeJson(doc, body);
  server.send(code, "application/json", body);
}

void getLed() {
  JsonDocument doc;
  doc["on"] = ledOn;
  sendJson(200, doc);
}

void putLed() {
  JsonDocument in, out;
  DeserializationError e = deserializeJson(in, server.arg("plain"));
  if (e) { out["error"] = e.c_str(); return sendJson(400, out); }          // JSON bozuk
  if (!in["on"].is<bool>()) { out["error"] = "on must be true or false"; return sendJson(422, out); }
  ledOn = in["on"];                 // mutlak değer: PUT idempotent kalır
  digitalWrite(LED_PIN, ledOn);
  getLed();                         // yeni durumu döndür
}

void setup() {
  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASS);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) delay(250);
  server.on("/api/led", HTTP_GET, getLed);
  server.on("/api/led", HTTP_PUT, putLed);
  server.onNotFound([] { server.send(404, "application/json", R"({"error":"not found"})"); });
  server.begin();
}

void loop() { server.handleClient(); }

import urequests as requests
import ujson
from secrets import TOKEN               # belirteç kodda değil

BASE = 'http://sera.local/api'           # Wi-Fi bağlantısı önceki ünitedeki connect() ile
H = {'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + TOKEN}

r = requests.get(BASE + '/sensor')
print(r.status_code, r.json())           # 200 {"temp": 22.4, "hum": 54.1}
r.close()                                # soketi bırak: ESP32'de sayısı sınırlı

r = requests.put(BASE + '/led', data=ujson.dumps({'on': True}), headers=H)
if r.status_code == 200:
    print('LED:', r.json()['on'])
elif r.status_code in (400, 422):
    print('bad request:', r.json()['error'])
elif r.status_code == 401:
    print('token missing or wrong')
r.close()